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Effect of oral vitamin B-12 with or without folic acid on cognitive function in older people with mild vitamin B-12 deficiency: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Adding a second compound while still experiencing significant adverse effects from the first makes it impossible to isolate which agent is responsible for new or worsening symptoms

If neurological symptoms are present, this represents an urgent situation requiring immediate treatmentdo not delay seeking medical attention, as permanent neurological damage may occur without prompt treatment

UK and international guidance recognises that HbA1c has important limitations as a diagnostic and monitoring tool

Three specific gaps separate this preclinical evidence from a human recommendation, and it is worth naming each so the framing throughout this guide is not mistaken for false modesty